Moses Haughton Junior and Richard Westall Paradise Regained Christ in the Wilderness The Poetical Works of John Milton

Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness (The Poetical Works of John Milton)

Moses Houghton’s original stipple engraving, Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness, is based upon a design created by Richard Westall. It was published in 1795 by John Boydell for his famous The Poetical Works of John Milton. Richard Westall designed all the engravings, including this original example which was used as the frontis piece for Book One of Paradise Regained. This striking engraving contains the engraver's name, "M. Haughton Sculp.", the designer's name, "R. Westall R. A. del.", title, "Paradise Regain'd. B.1.L.310" which refers to (Book. One. Line. 310). and publisher's details "Publish'd June 4, 1795 by J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol, Shakspeare Gallery, Pall Mall; & No. 90, Cheapside." printed below the image. Perhaps because of their subject matter, the Westall designs for the Milton etchings bear similarities to the fantastic art of his two great British contemporaries, Henry Fuseli and William Blake. Milton’s rich poetry, his vision of spirituality and of the forces of good and evil, provided a valuable framework for all three artists. John Milton’s lines pertaining to this original engraving are provided below. Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness represents a superb, original example of late eighteenth century British art.

Original Stipple Engraving by the British artist, Moses Haughton Junior designed by Richard Westall.
'First Edition Impression'

Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness (The Poetical Works of John Milton)

View other original engravings published by John and Josiah Boydell for "The Poetical Works of John Milton".

The Poetical Works of John Milton
Designed by Richard Westall
#	Image	Title & Engraver	Engraver Info	Medium	Date	-
01.-		Comus: Sabrina Releasing the Lady from her Spell by John Ogborne	John Ogborne (Chelmsford, 1755 - London, 1837)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	Available
02.-	-	Comus: The Forest Scene by Benjamin Smith	Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	--
03.-	-	Comus: The Temptation Scene by Benjamin Smith	Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833) & Benjamin Duterrau (1767 - 1851)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	--
04.-	-	Elegia Quinta by Thomas Kirk	Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	--
05.-		Hymn to the Nativity by Jean Pierre Simon	Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	Available
06.-	-	Il Penseroso by John Ogborne	John Ogborne (Chelmsford, 1755 - London, 1837)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	--
07.-		On the Death of a Fair Infant by Benjamin Smith	Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1794	Available
08.-	-	L'Allegro by Thomas Kirk	Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	--
09.-		Lycidas (A poem by John Milton), by Benjamin Smith	Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	Available
10.-	-	Milton and his two Daughters by Benjamin Smith	Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1797	--
11.-		Paradise Lost: Adam and Eve Banished from Paradise by Benjamin Smith	Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Available
12.-		Paradise Lost: Adam Awakening Eve by Richard Earlom	Richard Earlom (London, 1743 - 1822)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1794	Sold
13.-		Paradise Lost: Death Leaving the Gates of Hell for the World of Man by John Ogborne	John Ogborne (Chelmsford, 1755 - London, 1837)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Available
14.-		Paradise Lost: Eve in the Garden of Eden by Richard Earlom	Richard Earlom (London, 1743 - 1822)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Sold
15.-		Paradise Lost: Messiah Routs Satan and his Angels by Luigi Schiavonetti	Luigi Schiavonetti (Bassano, Italy, 1765 - London, 1810)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1794	Sold
16.-		Paradise Lost: Satan Alarmed by Jean Pierre Simon	Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1794	Available
17.-	-	Paradise Lost: Satan at the Gates of Hell by Jean Pierre Simon	Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1794	--
18.-	-	Paradise Lost: Satan Awakening His Legions by Jean Pierre Simon	Jean Pierre Simon, 'John Peter Simon' (London, 1750 - Paris, c. 1810)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1794	--
19.-		Paradise Lost: The Angel Raphael Relates The Story of Creation to Adam and Eve by Thomas Kirk	Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Sold
20.-		Paradise Lost: The Temptation of Eve by Thomas Kirk	Thomas Kirk (London, Died, 1797)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Sold
21.-		Paradise Regained: Christ and Satan Dispute the Value of Earthly Glory. by William Satchwell Leney	William Satchwell Leney (London, 1769 - Longue Pointe (Montreal), Canada, 1831)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Available
22.-		Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness by Moses Haughton Junior	Moses Haughton, Junior (Wednesbury, Staffordshire, c. 1772 - London, 1848)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Available
23.-		Paradise Regained: The Fall of Satan by Benjamin Smith	Benjamin Smith (London, 1754 - 1833)	Original Stipple Engraving 'First Edition Impression	1795	Available

Portraits of John Milton (England, 1608 - 1674)
#	Image	Title & Artist	Artist Info	Medium	Publisher	Date	-
01.-		John Milton, Age 21 by William Nelson Gardiner	William Nelson Gardiner (Dublin, 1766 - London, 1814)	Original Stipple Engraving and Etching	John and Josiah Boydell & George Nicol, London	1794	Sold
02.-		John Milton, Age 62 by William Nelson Gardiner	William Nelson Gardiner (Dublin, 1766 - London, 1814)	Original Stipple Engraving and Etching	John and Josiah Boydell & George Nicol, London	1794
03.-		Portrait of John Milton as a Child by Giovanni Battista Cipriani	Giovanni Battista Cipriani (Florence, Italy, 1727 - London (Hammersmith), 1785)	Original Etching	Thomas Hollis (J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol Edition, 1794)	1760
04.-		Portrait of John Milton as a Young Man by Giovanni Battista Cipriani	Giovanni Battista Cipriani (Florence, Italy, 1727 - London (Hammersmith), 1785)	Original Etching	Thomas Hollis (J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol Edition, 1794)	1760
05.-		Portrait of John Milton in Old Age by Giovanni Battista Cipriani	Giovanni Battista Cipriani (Florence, Italy, 1727 - London (Hammersmith), 1785)	Original Etching	Thomas Hollis (J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol Edition, 1794)	1760
06.-		Portion of a Shield (John Milton dictating his epic poem, "Paradise Lost", to his daughter.) by John Alfred Vinter	John Alfred Vinter (London, 1828 - 1905)	Original Lithograph	Day & Son, London	1852

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Title:	Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness
Engraver:	Haughton Junior, Moses (Wednesbury, Staffordshire, c. 1772 - London, 1848)
Designer:	Westall, Richard (Hertford, 1765 - London, 1836)
Date:	1795
Medium:	Original Stipple Engraving
Publisher	J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol, Shakspeare Gallery, Pall Mall; & No. 90, Cheapside
Source:	The Poetical Works of John Milton
Note:	Moses Haughton Junior: The nephew of the miniaturist and painter in water-colours, Moses Haughton, Senior (1734-1804), Moses Haughton, Junior studied painting and printmaking under the famous animal artist, George Stubbs (1755-1806). He then finished his artistic education at the Royal Academy Schools, commencing in 1795.
	During his career Haughton developed a solid reputation for his oil paintings, miniature portraits and his engravings. He was a close friend and associate of the great Henry Fuseli (1741-1825), and for several years resided at his house in London on Berners Street. Fuseli entrusted Moses Haughton to engrave his designs of Milton’s, Paradise Lost at around the same time he was engraving for this edition of Milton’s, Paradise Regained, Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness is a striking example of the art created for John and Josiah Boydell's The Poetical Works of John Milton.
	Moses Haughton, Junior was a frequent exhibitor at both the Royal Academy and at the British Institute from 1808 to 1848. Examples of his art are today housed in such major galleries as the Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool, and in the British Museum, London.
	Richard Westall: After attending the Royal Academy schools in London (1785), Richard Westall devoted himself to history and landscape subjects. He was an early practitioner of the watercolour medium and many publishers of illustrated books soon sought his designs for publication of illustrated editions of Gray, Moore, Crabbe and other poets of the day. During the 1790’s he was commissioned by Boydell to work upon both the Milton and Shakespeare sets. Richard Westall was elected an Associate of the prestigious Royal Academy in 1792 and a full Academician in 1794. In the 1820’s he was appointed the drawing master to then Princess Victoria. Perhaps because of their subject matter, the Richard Westall designs for the John Milton etchings bear similarities to the fantastic art of his two great British contemporaries, Henry Fuseli and William Blake. Milton’s rich poetry, his vision of spirituality and of the forces of good and evil, provided a valuable framework for all three artists.
	John Boydell One of England’s most remarkable 18th century personalities is John Boydell. Born in poverty, he began his career as an at best mediocre engraver of small book plates. At this time England was at a very low ebb as a serious centre for the visual arts (particularly engraving) and Boydell sought to eradicate this situation by beginning a second career as a publisher of fine prints. Modest initial experiments in the 1760’s led to a rapid expansion of his business and during the 1770’s he published his striking series of mezzotint engravings, Liber Veritas, engraved by Richard Earlom after the drawings of Claude Lorrain. This ambitious undertaking put England back on the printmaking map and was a huge financial success for John Boydell.
	John Boydell had now established London as a major centre for the arts and this once poor and struggling engraver/publisher was acknowledged for his efforts by being elected no less than Lord Mayor of London, in 1791. The same year marked the beginning of Boydell’s most grandiose undertaking. His new publishing establishment in Pall Mall, the ‘Shakspeare Gallery’, began by commissioning the most esteemed painters and engravers in the country to create and design large and expensive engravings based upon the plays and life of William Shakespeare. By this time as well John Boydell's nephew, Josiah Boydell (1752-1817), had joined the firm.
	This monumental venture continued until Boydell’s death thirteen years later. By that time, the Shakespeare Gallery (Shakspeare Gallery) had created and published one hundred and seventy engravings on a grand scale. Alas, the expenses for this vast project had been so large that England’s foremost publisher of art ended his life the way he began, dying penniless.
	At this time England’s other great literary giant, John Milton, was honoured by John Boydell. The Poetical Works of John Milton was published in three parts in 1794, 1795 and 1797. Sparing no expense, Boydell commissioned George Romney to design a portrait plate and Richard Westall to design images illustrating each part of Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained as well as the more famous individual poems. The engravers included Richard Earlom, Thomas Kirk, Jean Pierre Simon, Benjamin Smith, Moses Haughton Junior, Dutterau and John Ogborne.
	Unlike the Shakespeare engravings, the Milton prints were constructed almost solely in the stipple technique. Stippling reached its golden age in late eighteenth century England. The technique was promoted and taught by Francesco Bartolozzi (1727-1815). Many of the above mentioned engravers were among his finest students. Briefly, stippling was a tonal method where the image was created not with solid lines but with a multitude of dots or flicks. Under a master’s hand, stippling magnificently captured tonal values by contrasting areas of light and shade. Unfortunately it was most laborious and quickly became extinct with advances in aquatint engraving in the early nineteenth century. Yet to this day some of the most subtle and sensual engravings in the history of British art belong to the stipple engravers of the late eighteenth century.
	As one can easily see, these stipple engravings for Boydell’s The Poetical Works of John Milton are masterpieces of their kind. The tonal values from light to dark one views in Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness, rival the best eighteenth century mezzotints.
Edition:	These original prints are more scarce than Boydell's other published works of art. They were issued in one edition only and no further editions were struck from the plate.
	A Note on Paradise Regained: Such masterworks as Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, Samson Agonistes and Comus place John Milton (1608-1674) as England’s greatest poet. Paradise Regained was first published in 1671. Composed in four books, it is a sequel to Paradise Lost, published four years earlier. Paradise was lost in the initial poem by the yielding of Adam and Eve to Satan’s temptations. Paradise is regained in the latter poem by the resistance of the Son of God to Satan’s temptations. This striking engraving contains the engraver's name, "M. Haughton Sculp.", the designer's name, "R. Westall R. A. del.", title, "Paradise Regain'd. B.1.L.310" which means (Book. One. Line. 310) and the publisher's details "Publish'd June 4, 1795 by J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol, Shakspeare Gallery, Pall Mall; & No. 90, Cheapside." printed below the image. It illustrates the First Book. It begins with the baptism of Christ and Heaven’s proclamation that he is the Son of God. Satan is alarmed and undertakes his temptation by leading Christ into the wilderness for a period of forty days. John Milton writes, “Full forty days he pass’d, whether on hill Sometimes, anon in shady vale, each night Under the covert of some ancient oak, Or cedar, to defend him from the dew, Or harbour’d in one cave, is not reveal’d; Nor tasted human food, nor hunger felt, Till those days ended, hunger’d then at last, Among wild beasts; they at his sight grew mild, Nor sleeping, him, nor waking, harm’d; his walk The fiery serpent fled, and noxious worm; The lion and fierce tiger glared aloof.” This original engraving illustrates lines 310 & 311 which appear above in italics. Immediately thereafter Satan appears in the guise of “an aged man, in rural weeds” and suggests to Christ that he should prove his divine character by turning the surrounding stones into bread and thus satisfy his hunger. Christ sternly rejects the temptation.
Size:	10 1/2 X 6 1/4 (Sizes in inches are approximate, height preceding width of plate-mark or image.)
	Matted with 100% Archival Materials
Buy Now	Price: $1,150.00 US
Condition:	Printed upon thick Whatman wove paper and with large, full margins as published by John and Josiah Boydell in Pall Mall in 1795. It contains the engraver's name, "M. Haughton Sculp.", the designer's name, "R. Westall R. A. del.", title, "Paradise Regain'd. B.1.L.310" and publisher's details "Publish'd June 4, 1795 by J. & J. Boydell & G. Nicol, Shakspeare Gallery, Pall Mall; & No. 90, Cheapside." printed below the image.Containing very slight foxing in the outer margins (well removed from the actual engraving) else a rich, early impression and in excellent condition throughout. Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness represents a superb, original example of late eighteenth century British art.
Subject:	Moses Haughton Junior, Richard Westall, John Boydell, Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness, original stipple engraving, John Milton, Henry Fuseli and William Blake, Temptation of Christ.
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Moses Haughton Junior & Richard Westall

Paradise Regained: Christ in the Wilderness (The Poetical Works of John Milton)